Association between laboratory tests and poor prognosis in patients infected with the new coronavirus.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36704/cipraxis.v19i34.7314Keywords:
Coronavirus, Covid-19, Laboratory diagnosis, NursingAbstract
Introduction: The disease caused by the novel coronavirus, COVID-19, which triggers an acute respiratory syndrome, was initially detected in the province of Wuhan, China. The disease can present in different forms among individuals, ranging from asymptomatic to severe cases.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between laboratory test results and poor prognosis in patients infected with the novel coronavirus.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective documentary study developed in emergency care units in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba. The sample consisted of 187 patients. Data collection was carried out between June and August 2020, supported by a structured instrument containing information regarding sociodemographic data, laboratory tests, health outcomes, and the News-FAST-COVID instrument. Data were analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics for all variables. Inferential analysis was also performed using Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, and Spearman's correlation.
Results: A statistically significant association was observed between death and the following variables: metabolic acidosis (p = 0.004); moderate ARDS (p = 0.017); hypocapnia (p = 0.002); low bicarbonate (p = 0.034); leukocytosis (p = 0.029); increased urea (p = 0.003) and creatinine (p = 0.042); lactate (p < 0.001); and C-reactive protein (p = 0.002). Regarding the values obtained in News-FAST-COVID, a positive statistical correlation was observed with the variables: leukocytes, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, urea, creatinine, sodium, troponin, and CKMB. On the other hand, a negative correlation was found between the News-FAST-COVID score and pH, P/F ratio and platelets.
Conclusion: It was concluded that the results of laboratory tests and clinical symptoms studied are related to infection by the new coronavirus. Thus, it is highlighted that knowing these factors helps in the early identification of poor prognosis, in addition to supporting the clinical decision-making of health professionals involved in care.
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