Production and characterization of a β-glucosidase by Aspergillus sp. in solid-state cultivation of agro-industrial residues

Authors

• Eduardo da SIlva Martins UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS
• Dreison Mendanha Leal Arouca Poco
• Heytor Lemos Martins

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36704/cipraxis.v22i37.8852

Keywords:

Cellulase, Fungus, Biodegradation

Abstract

Introduction: β-glucosidases are cellulolytic enzymes with various industrial applications, such as in the production of biofuels and in the juice and wine industry.

Objective: To evaluate the potential use of agro-industrial residues to produce β-glucosidase by the fungus Aspergillus sp. and to determine cultivation parameters aimed at increasing enzymatic activity.

Methods: The following parameters were evaluated for enzyme production: type of substrate, cultivation time, supplementary nutrient solution, pH of the nutrient solution, initial substrate moisture, and incubation temperature of the fungus. Under the best condition found, the enzyme was characterized in relation to optimal pH and temperature, as well as stability to these factors.

Results: The β-glucosidase activity values showed significant differences when the fungus was cultivated on substrates composed of wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse (1:1 w/w), wheat bran and malt bagasse

(1:1 w/w), and the mixture of the three substrates (1:1:1 w/w), compared to cultivation on wheat bran and the mixture of sugarcane bagasse and malt bagasse (1:1 w/w). The highest enzymatic activity was observed under the following cultivation conditions: nutrient solution composed of NH₄NO₃, MgSO₄·7H₂O, and (NH₄)₂SO₄ (0.1%) with pH 4.5 and 5.5, fungus incubation temperature at 35°C, with initial substrate moisture at 65%. The enzyme showed highest activity in the pH range between 4.5 and 5.5, and stability over a wide pH range (3.0 to 8.0). The optimal temperature was 65°C, and the enzyme exhibited stability above 70% for 1 hour up to 55°C.

Conclusion: The use of agro-industrial residues resulted in high production of β-glucosidase by the fungus, with the enzyme exhibiting characteristics with potential industrial application.

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