Assessing Student Empathy in Higher Education
a systematic review
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https://doi.org/10.36704/eef.v28i55.8606Keywords:
Scales, Studies, Instruments, QuestionnairesAbstract
The challenges posed by academic demands are not only increasing levels of anxiety and depression in students, but also decreasing their empathy. Assessing these higher education students’ empathy can enable the development of pedagogical actions for them to better adapt to learning. Instruments such as scales and questionnaires can be used for assessment. The aim of this article is to present a systematic review of the literature on scales and questionnaires for assessing student empathy in higher education, detailing their characteristics such as sample, size, reliability, and the country where the study was performed. A total of 44 primary studies published between 2018 and 2023 were selected for an in-depth analysis. Consequently, 22 empathy assessment scales and questionnaires were identified. The results indicate the need to explore the construction of new empathy assessment instruments aimed specifically at the educational context.
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